![Mauritania [ Mawritaniyya ] - Islamic Republic of Mauritania - Al-Jumhuriyah Al-Islamiyah Al-Muritaniyah](/sites/hejleh.com/countries/mrf.gif)
The Country & People of Mauritania
Special Arab Files
This page contains links to sites in Mauritania and Mauritania related sites.
For Middle East, North Africa, Arab and regional information visit Arab Countries
The Country & People of Mauritania
Special Arab Files
This page contains links to sites in Mauritania and Mauritania related sites.
For Middle East, North Africa, Arab and regional information visit Arab Countries
History
Settled by Berbers in the 1st millennium AD, the region was the center of the ancient empire of Ghana (7001200) and later became part of the empire of Mali (14th15th cent.). By this time the Sahara had encroached on much of Mauritania, limiting agriculture and reducing the population. In the 1440s Portuguese navigators established a fishing base, and from the 17th cent. European traders dealt in gum arabic along the southern coast. France gained control of S Mauritania in the mid-19th cent., declared a protectorate over the region in 1903, and made it a separate colony in French West Africa in 1920; however, little was done to develop the economy. Nationalist political activity began after World War II, and Mauritania gained full independence in 1960. A Muslim state was created in 1961 under Makhtar Ould Daddah as president. His rule was troubled by ethnic tensions between the Fulani and the Arab-Berber group, by economic problems aggravated by the severe drought in the Sahel, and by worker-student protests. The military deposed Ould Daddah in 1978, and military governments subsequently ruled the country. A 1975 agreement with Spain and Morocco giving Mauritania control over the southern third of the Spanish (Western) Sahara ignited a conflict in the former colony. The Polisario Front, a proindependence guerrilla group backed by Algeria, waged war against Mauritanian troops until 1979, when Mauritania renounced its claims to the area and signed a peace treaty with the front. Slavery was only officially abolished in 1980, and racial unrest erupted in the late 1970s and persisted into the 1990s, aggravated by government repression of black Mauritanians. In 1984 Col. Maouiya Ould Sidi Ahmed Taya became president after a coup. A new constitution approved in 1991 called for an elected president and national assembly, and the government legalized political parties. Taya won election as president in 1992 and 1997, in balloting widely considered to be unfair. In 1993 the United States ended development aid to Mauritania in protest against the countrys oppression of its black citizens and its support of Iraq during the Persian Gulf War; the government subsequently moved toward a pro-Western position. 16
Taya survived a coup attempt in June, 2003. In the Nov., 2003, presidential elections he received 66.7% of the vote; his nearest challenger, former president Heydalla, almost 19%. Despite new voting safeguards designed to prevent vote-rigging, there were again accusations of fraud. Heydalla was arrested after the election on charges of plotting a coup, which he denied; he received a suspended five-year sentence in December.
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Arab Countries
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Links Page
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means 5 languages other than English or Arabic
means it is available in Arabic only and + is available in Arabic and English
Cities, Towns, Municipalities & Places
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The most comprehensive database: statistical, economic and social
To share widely and online the information relative to their programs
Banks
A modern financial institution, performing and resolutely turned towards the future
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An academic institution involved in education, training and research
Institutions & Organizations
Association culturelle des Etudiants Mauritaniens en Allemagne
To connect the school communities and teachers throughout the world....
Research, Resources & Projects
Forum for spreading Arabic and Islamic education
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Al-Marsad - Defending victims of oppression and prisoners of conscience
Human rights developments & report
Opposition party - Unity, democracy, social Justice
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Daily newspaper
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Magasin en ligne de produits Mauritaniens
Updated daily
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La communaute du Hodh El Gharbi
Articles, Reports, Cartoons....
Archives, articles and news from different sources
Official site of the Government of Islamic Republic of Mauritania
Helping to localize the dangerous areas reducing in this way the number of accidents
The collection, the treatment, the analysis and the diffusion of the statistical data
Corporations, Organizations, Public Hospitals and Industrial Entities
Complete cement plant....
A modern company in the heart of the Sahara desert
Centers, Institutions, Societies....
To initiate and implement projects, economic and social development....
Foreign Entities
Reinforcement in term of plea and mobilization of the resources
Current events, coordination, education of the girls, documentation and information center....
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For personal pages, private companies & entities, un-categorized and other sites, please visit
Free For All, Add URL or View Mauritania Links Page
Mauritania
A "Spy" Guide
By USA International Business Publications
Practical information on government, national security, army, foreign relations, economy, technology, mineral resources,
as well as culture, history, traditions, government and business contacts and more...
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Created 1 November 2000. Last updated 2 Mayl 2004
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